Frases não-declarativas e comunicação nas "Investigações lógicas" de Husserl

Notas para uma teoria dos actos comunicativos à luz de Husserl e de Austin

Abstract

In this paper I discuss the consistency and accuracy of Husserl's sketch of a theory about non-declarative sentences in the last chapter of Logical Investigations. Whereas the consistency is acknowledged, the accuracy is denied, because Husserl's treatment of non-declarative phrases such as questions or orders implies that those phrases contain, in some way, a declarative sentence and an objectifying act. To construct a question like "is A B?'' as being equivalent to a pseudo-declarative sentence such as " I ask whether A is B" is, however, a false phenomenological analysis, because to ask or to order or to beg is not to assert. I turn, then, to John Austin's theory of performative (as opposed to constatative) utterances and illocutionary acts in order to find a more accurate approach to the logical-semantic content of non-declarative sentences. Eventually, I show how this Husserlian theory of non-declarative sentences has a negative impact on the phenomenological theory of social acts and communication.